As you may already know, this time I will explain the basics of the registry operation on Windows 10.This is because if you explain the registry operation every time, you will repeat the same thing, so the article will be troublesome.
Windows 10 also has a registry, and the registry editor is used for editing.There is no major change in the registry editor or registry structure, and it can be performed as before.However, as long as I tried, Windows 7, 8.There were some registry settings that were valid in X, which were valid in X.From the basic structure of the registry, even if it is an invalid editing, it will not cause an error, but you have to try it out if it is effective.
Start the registry editor
If you use a registry editor frequently, you may want to register for a start menu or taskbar or put an icon on your desktop.However, in Windows 10, which may not be accessible directly to the desktop icon, such as tablet mode, it will be convenient to register a tile to the start menu.You can register in the taskbar, but I don't think there is much need for registry operation unless you are developing an application to register in the registry.
The registry editor itself is a regular desktop application (classic application), which is in the following path.
C: \ Windows \ Regedit.exe
If it is easily started as described above, there is a registration for a start menu, but it is generally not used so often.There is a method of using the function "execution by specifying the file name" (Fig. 1) as an easy way to start without registering.
Fig. 1: To start the registry editor, open "Execute the file name" in Win+R and enter "Regedit".
In Windows 10, you can start by pressing the "R" key while pressing the Windows key.After the combination of these keys
[Win]+R
Is written.The keys that can be written in one letter, such as "R", are used as they are, and the keys that are expressed in multiple characters such as a windows logooke are "[] and"] "(the notation method is explained as appropriate).In addition, "+" means simultaneous pushing, and when pressing the "+" key itself, it will be written as "[+]".A combination of keys that launch such programs and functions is called "shortcut key".Occasionally, some people abbreviate this as "shortcuts", but in Windows, "shortcuts" have different meanings, so it is better not to omit them as much as possible.
This function has the function of searching for the entered file name (extension can be omitted) within the execution path range, and the "C: \ Windows \" is in the execution path.You can start by input only with "REGEDIT".
In addition, "Run with file name" is also registered in "System Menu" (Fig. 2) displayed in "[Win]+X", and can be started from here.In addition, this system menu can be opened by the right button click on the start menu at the bottom left of the screen or holding and holding the touch, so you do not need to remember the shortcut.
Figure 2: Executing by specifying the file name can be started from the "System Menu".
Basic structure of registry
The registry is to register and manage small information called "value" (value) in a hierarchical structure called "key"."Value" saves data in a specific format."Values" include "name", "type", and "data"."Name" is a distinction between individual "values" in the "key".You can use alphabets, numbers, and some symbols, but you can't specify kanji.Regarding the symbol, it is almost the same as the file name, and special symbols such as "\" are not available.
"Type" represents the format of "data" that "value" holds, (Table 1).Only 6 types such as 1) can be specified."Data" is the information itself of "value".
| API上の種類（タイプ） | RegEditでの種類 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| REG_BINARY | バイナリ値 | 特定の形式を持たないバイトデータ |
| REG_SZ | 文字列値 | 改行を含まない固定長の文字列 |
| REG_EXPAND_SZ | 展開可能な文字列値 | 環境変数で展開される文字列（%～%） |
| REG_MULTI_SZ | 複数行文字列値 | 改行を含む文字列 |
| REG_DWORD | DWORD(32ビット)値 | 32bit符号なし整数値 |
| REG_QWORD | QWORD（64ビット）値 | 64bit符号なし整数値 |
The key is a big tree (Fig. 3).
Figure 3: In the registry editor, you can see five large trees.
| ルートキー | レジストリエディタで編集可能 | 略称 | Hive/Link | 備考 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| サブキー | Hiveファイル | ||||
| HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT | ○ | HKCR | HKLM\SOFTWARE\ClassesとHKEY_USERS\\SOFTWARE\Classesを合成したもの | クラス定義と拡張子の関連づけ | |
| HKEY_CURRENT_USER | ○ | HKCU | HKEY_USERの下のログオンしているユーザーのサブキーにリンク | ログオン中のユーザー固有の設定 | |
| HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE | ○ | HKLM | BCD00000000 | \Boot\BCD | システム全体、ハードウェアに関する情報 |
| COMPONENTS | %SystemRoot%\System32\Config\COMPONENTS | ||||
| SYSTEM | %SystemRoot%\System32\Config\SYSTEM | ||||
| SAM | %SystemRoot%\System32\Config\SAM | ||||
| SECURITY | %SystemRoot%\System32\Config\SECURITY | ||||
| SOFTWARE | %SystemRoot%\System32\Config\SOFTWARE | ||||
| HARDWARE | 揮発性 | ||||
| HKEY_USERS | ○ | HKU | %SystemRoot%\ServiceProfiles\NetworkService\Ntuser.dat%SystemRoot%\ServiceProfiles\LocalService\Ntuser.dat\Users\ユーザー名\Ntuser.datAppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\Usrclass.dat | ユーザーすべての情報 | |
| DEFAULT | %SystemRoot%\System32\Config\Default | ||||
| HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG | ○ | HKCC | HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Hardware Profiles\Currentへのリンク | ||
| HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA | × | HKPD | 揮発性 | パフォーマンスデータ |
When describing the hierarchical structure of the key, the key name is connected with "\" as in the file folder.For example, to represent "Software" in "HKEY_CURRENT_USER", it is described as "HKEY_CURENT_USER \ Software".In addition, the first part is abbreviated because it is long.
All "values" are included in some "keys".In all keys, there is always a "value" named "(default)".
Most of the registry is actually stored as a file, making it accessible through API as a structure that Windows can be seen in the registry editor.In addition, some of the information that can be accessed as a registry from the API is called "volatile" and is made from system status and can be accessed via API, but is not saved as a file.For example, information related to performance can be accessed in the form of registry, but these only reflect the system status.This is not accessible in the registry editor, but the performance monitor uses it, and the internal state of the changing system is accessed in the form of a registry.
How to use the registry editor
The basic usage of the registry editor is
there is.First of all, as for the key, the key can be changed or deleted, but basically, the registry editor does not do this.Of course, if you have registered by mistake, you may delete it or change the name, but if you are not used to it, you may accidentally change the name of other keys or delete it.there is.The registry is reflected in the system as soon as it is edited, and there is no need to "save" like a word processor software.As a result, the wrong operation may damage the system.Unless you do something very terrible, the system does not start to start by rewriting the registry, but basically it is better to recognize that it is a "dangerous" operation.It may not be a good parable, but registry operation is like opening the hood when the car engine is running and touching the engine parts.If you understand the engine like a mechanic and understand the danger, it is not impossible, but it is a very dangerous and difficult task for general users.In addition, since it is a dangerous operation, basically, a touch operation that is easy to accidentally operate should not be "absolute" but should always use a mouse or keyboard.
Regarding keys, there are relatively few tasks to add this.In some of the registry setting articles, etc., there are times when they only write "make it if not."Basically, all "values" are in a specific "key", and all keys have the parent "keys".For this reason, if there is nothing equivalent to the specified key as a place for "value", you have to create it with a registry editor.
To create, select the place you want to make in the tree area on the left side and select "New" ⇒ "key" (Fig. 4).You can use the right -click menu (long press in the touch) or the "edit" menu, so you can use the one you like.All you have to do is create a key.Basically, there is no free name, so give the name as instructed.
Figure 4: To create a key, select the place to create from the left tree, right -click, and select "New" ⇒ "Key".
Regarding "values", there are operations such as new creation, name change, and data change.First of all, if you select a key in the left area of the registry editor, select "edit" ⇒ "new" and "new" in the right -click menu, and add items to the right area.So, rewrite the name and specify (Fig. 5, 6).
Figure 5: To create a "value", select the key and select "New" from the right -click menu in the area on the right and select "Type" of the value you want to create.
Fig. 6: Then, change the name of the created value.
Double -click the "value" created in this way, or select "Edit" ⇒ "Fix" or right -click menu ⇒ "Fix", and enter the data in the displayed dialog (Fig. 7).
Figure 7: To change the "value" of "value", double -click the value.The dialog according to the "Type" is displayed, so rewrite it using it.
Import export is performed in key units.Select the key in the area on the left, "File" ⇒ "Export" (Fig. 8).This is standard, ".This is because the "REG" file is associated with the registry editor.
Figure 8: Export is performed from the menu, but the following keys are exported together.
Figure 9: The extension.Double -click the REG file to import, but there is a confirmation before that.
There is a confirmation before registration, but the extension may be "registered by mistake..It is safer not to place the "REG" file on a "desktop" that can be easily clicked.
In addition, the exported registry file is a text type, so it can be edited with an editor or the like.